During the past few years, technology has significantly reshaped the method of assessment.
In many academic domains, educational measurement has been moving towards the use of computerbased testing (CBT), defined as tests or assessments that are administered by computer in either standalone or dedicated network, or by other technology devices linked to the internet or world wide web most of them using multiple choice questions (MCQs).
Computer-based test (CBT) have a number of important advantages compared to traditional paper-based test (PBT) such as efficiency, immediate scoring and feedback in the case of multiple-choice question exams.
Furthermore, computer-based test (CBT) allows more innovative and authentic assessments due to more advanced technological capacities.
Computer Based Test (CBT) is not just an alternative method for delivering examinations; it represents an important qualitative shift away from traditional methods such as paper-based tests.
Currently, the Nigerian employers now conduct aptitude test online for their job seekers. Also, tertiary institutions are now registering and conducting computer based examination for their students via the internet and other electronic and networking device.
Prospects of Computer Based Test (CBT) in the Conduct of Examination in Nigeria
Almost every examination today has become computer-based. Though the traditional pen and paper tests haven't gone out of the picture completely, almost all exams are conducted online.
Unlike the popular belief, computer tests are beneficial to students, while considerably reducing the burden on evaluating personnel. Here are some advantages of computer-based test (CBT).
ü It is very flexible
ü Individualised assessments
ü Disabled student-friendly
ü Scores can be viewed instantly on the screen
ü Multiple tests can be taken
ü Fast accessibilityfor all tests that are demanded by students
ü It has a worldwide testing opportunities for distance and traveling students
ü Open-ended assessments
ü It has an enhanced consistency and security
The Challenges of Computer Based Test (CBT) in Nigerian Education System
While computer based test (CBT) has so many benefits, it also has some disadvantages. We will mention some of them below.
Power Failure
The power supply situation in Nigeria is relatively poor, and this can affect the smooth running of a computer based test (CBT).
The exam may be forcefully postponed if there is a power outage. Things even get worse if there is a sudden power outage while a computer based test (CBT) is ongoing.
This may lead to a loss of data that can negatively affect the exam process. The frustration associated with this is considerable. Some computer based test (CBT) centers have power backup, but such backups may not be reliable. While some may boast of a working backup, some other computer based test (CBT) centers do not have such.
Inadequate ICT manpower/skills
Nigeria does not only lack information infrastructure, it also lacked the human skills and knowledge to fully integrate ICT into secondary school education. There is acute shortage of trained personnel in application software, operating systems, network administration and local technicians to service and repair computer facilities.
Poor ICT culture, policy & implementation
The ICT revolution is yet to attain that critical mass required for it to register the necessary impact in the teaching, student and civilian population nationwide.
Other challenges include cost of software and hardware, cyber security and funding.
Conclusion
Indeed, there’s a call for the adoption of computer-based tests in Nigeria, since it’s the right direction for reducing exam malpractice. Truth is that this process requires an adequate level of strategies that will allow students meet up with the challenges posed by using computer based test (CBT).
However, it is true that no human activity goes without challenges, but consistency brings about success. There is always some level of success after overcoming challenges, and we use the right strategies, Nigeria would find the utilization of computer based test (CBT) worthwhile.
